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Web Assistance

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is the priority of the Communications Bureau to support all The Salvation Army’s units with the necessary tools to get an affordable, reliable web site, according to The Salvation Army’s standards.

The Communications Bureau stands as a resource to create new web sites, as well as the upgrading process of The Salvation Army Web Manager. We also coordinate the purchase of all domain names related to any web site within our Territory.

  • HTML Basics

    This is a brief introduction to HTML.

    What is HTML?

    • HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
    • HTML is not a programming language, it is a markup language
    • A markup language is a set of markup tags
    • HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages

    HTML Tags

    HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags

    • HTML tags are keywords surrounded by angle brackets like
    • HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b>and</b>
    • The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag
    • Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags

    HTML Documents = Web Pages

    • HTML documents describe web pages
    • HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text
    • HTML documents are also called web page

    The purpose of a web browser (like Internet Explorer or Firefox) is to read HTML documents and display them as web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page:

    Example

    <html>
    <body>

    <h1>My Heading</h1>

    <p>My paragraph.</p>

    </body>
    </html>

    Example Explained

    • The text between <html> and </html> describes the web page
    • The text between <body> and </body> is the visible page content
    • The text between <h1> and </h1> is displayed as a heading
    • The text between <p> and </p> is displayed as a paragraph
  • Tag Description
    <A> </A> Anchor. See introduction to HTML
    <B> </B> Content is shown as bold type
    <BIG> </BIG> Content is shown in large type. BIG and SMALL can be nested (thus: <BIG><BIG>nested</BIG></BIG>) to further increase or decrease font size.
    <BLOCKQUOTE> </BLOCKQUOTE> Content is shown as an indented block; should be used only for long quotations. See note on <Q> tag.
    <BODY> </BODY> The body part of the HTML document. See introductio to HTML
    <BR> Force line break within paragraph. Note that “floating elements” such as images are separate from the paragraph. To start next line below any images etc., use <BR CLEAR=”all”>. The CLEAR attribute can take values “none”, “right”, “left”, or “all” and is deprecated, but in fact still very useful. The best way to understand it is to try a few tests.
    <CENTER> </CENTER> Content is centred on page (can include paragraphs etc). Note American spelling.
    <DEL> </DEL> Used to indicate a deletion from a previous version of a document. Normally combined with INS (insert) which marks the new version. Rendered in strike-through font like <S>. See note on structural versus formatting elements. Example: insert this delete this.
    <DIV> </DIV> A dummy element which contains block-level elements. It is used with style sheets.
    <EM> </EM> Emphasis: text usually displayed in italics
    <FONT> </FONT> Used to define characteristics of font, according to attributes e.g. SIZE, COLOR, FACE. SIZE sets size, 1-7 e.g. SIZE=”5″. COLOR sets colour of text e.g. <FONT COLOR=”#FF0000″> makes text red. FACE e.g. FACE=”Times”.NB: <FONT> is deprecated in favour of style sheets, but remains useful because it is safer with old browsers.
    <HEAD> </HEAD> The head part of the HTML document. See introductio to HTML
    <H1> </H1><H2> </H2>…<H6> </H6> Headings (levels 1-6, i.e. H3 is a subheading within a H2 subheading). See note on structural versus formatting elements.
    <HR> Draw horizontal line across page; used to indicate break between sections. Attributes: WIDTH, e.g. WIDTH=”50%” makes line half size of page; SIZE, e.g. SIZE=”3″ makes line 3 pixels thick
    <I> </I> Italics.
    <IMG> Image. Attributes: must have SRC and ALT. SRC gives source file for image, e.g. SRC=”picture.jpg”. ALT gives brief description e.g. ALT=”Picture of UB”
    <INS> </INS> See DEL
    <LI> </LI> List item. Used within an ordered (<OL>) or unordered (<UL>) list
    <OL> </OL> Ordered list. Includes <LI> List Items, which will be numbered automatically
    <P> </P> Paragraph
    <PRE> </PRE> Pre-formatted text. See note on <PRE>
    <S> </S> Strike-through text: i.e. like this phrase. See DEL
    <SMALL> </SMALL> Content appears as smaller-size text
    <SPAN> </SPAN> A dummy element which contains in-line content. It is used with style sheets.
    <STRONG> </STRONG> Text is emphasised strongly – usually appears in bold.
    <SUB> </SUB> Subscript
    <SUP> </SUP> Superscript
    <TABLE> </TABLE> Table. See page on tables.
    <TD> </TD> Table data cell. See page on tables.
    <TH> </TH> Table header cell. See page on tables.
    <TITLE> </TITLE> Title of document. This must appear in the <HEAD> part.
    <TR> </TR> Table row. See ppage on tables.
    <TT> </TT> Monospaced type (useful for tables of figures)
    <U> </U> Underline text. Use sparingly as it may be confused with hyperlinks
    <UL> </UL> Unordered List. Includes <LI> List Items, which will be displayed in a list with bullets.


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